Elevated Platelet Count and Associated Conditions

• Reactive (Secondary) Thrombocytosis – Can occur during acute infections, inflammatory states, or autoimmune disorders (such as rheumatoid arthritis).
• Myeloproliferative Disorders – Primary bone marrow pathologies that may produce persistently elevated counts.
• Iron Deficiency Anemia – Sometimes paradoxically associated with high platelet counts.

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Low Platelet Count and Associated Conditions

• Autoimmune Disorders – Conditions like immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can lead to immune-mediated drop in platelets.
• Bone Marrow Suppression – Occurs due to infections (viral, for example), medications, or chemotherapy.
• Consumption in DIC – Platelets are used up in widespread clotting during severe infections or shock.

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Platelet Levels Across Life Stages

• Children – May show transient platelet elevations with common viral infections.
• Elderly Patients – Low counts may be particularly concerning for both marrow disorders and the risk of bleeding complications, especially when used in conjunction with anticoagulant therapies.

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Coagulation Markers

• Protein C:
  A natural anticoagulant that helps prevent excessive clotting by inactivating specific clotting factors.
  
  
• Prothrombin Index:
  Reflects the efficiency of the extrinsic coagulation pathway, providing insight into the blood’s capacity to form clots.
  
  
• Serum Fibrinogen:
  A key factor converted into fibrin to stabilize clots; it also rises during inflammatory states.
  
  
• Peripheric Blood Thrombocytes (Platelet Count):
  Platelets are essential for primary hemostasis, aggregating at injury sites to initiate clot formation.

Together, these markers offer a comprehensive view of the coagulation system—from clot formation to its regulation—assisting in the evaluation of bleeding or thrombotic disorders.

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