Overview and Clinical Significance

Segmented neutrophils, also known as polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), are the most abundant type of white blood cells and play a crucial role in immune defense. They are characterized by their multi-lobed nucleus, which allows for enhanced mobility and phagocytic activity.

Clinical Significance

• Infection & Inflammation: Elevated segmented neutrophil counts indicate bacterial infections, acute inflammation, and stress responses.
• Bone Marrow Function: Abnormal neutrophil levels may signal bone marrow disorders, leukemia, or chemotherapy effects.
• Immune System Regulation: Neutrophils are essential for pathogen clearance, releasing enzymes and reactive oxygen species to combat infections.
• Neutropenia & Neutrophilia: Low neutrophil counts (neutropenia) increase infection risk, while high counts (neutrophilia) suggest systemic inflammation or hematologic disorders.
• Diagnostic Use: Segmented neutrophil levels are assessed in complete blood count (CBC) tests, aiding in the diagnosis of infections, autoimmune diseases, and hematologic conditions.

Segmented neutrophils are key immune defenders, providing rapid responses to bacterial infections, inflammatory conditions, and hematologic disorders.
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