High Levels May Indicate:

• Cardiovascular Disease: Elevated fibrinogen is linked to an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.
• Inflammatory Conditions: Chronic inflammation, infections, or autoimmune diseases may raise fibrinogen levels.
• Pregnancy & Estrogen Therapy: Hormonal changes can increase fibrinogen production.
• Certain Malignancies: Some cancers may lead to higher fibrinogen levels.

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Low Levels May Indicate:

• Liver Disease: Since fibrinogen is synthesized in the liver, conditions like cirrhosis or hepatitis can reduce its levels.
• Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC): A severe clotting disorder that consumes fibrinogen excessively.
• Genetic Fibrinogen Deficiencies: Rare conditions like afibrinogenemia or hypofibrinogenemia impair clot formation.
• Severe Malnutrition: Protein deficiency can lower fibrinogen production.

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Life-Phase Considerations:

• Newborns: Naturally lower fibrinogen levels, which increase with age.
• Adults: Levels fluctuate based on health status, inflammation, and hormonal influences.
• Elderly: Age-related changes in coagulation may alter fibrinogen levels, affecting clotting risk.

Coagulation Markers

• Protein C:
  A natural anticoagulant that helps prevent excessive clotting by inactivating specific clotting factors.
  
  
• Prothrombin Index:
  Reflects the efficiency of the extrinsic coagulation pathway, providing insight into the blood’s capacity to form clots.
  
  
• Serum Fibrinogen:
  A key factor converted into fibrin to stabilize clots; it also rises during inflammatory states.
  
  
• Peripheric Blood Thrombocytes (Platelet Count):
  Platelets are essential for primary hemostasis, aggregating at injury sites to initiate clot formation.

Together, these markers offer a comprehensive view of the coagulation system—from clot formation to its regulation—assisting in the evaluation of bleeding or thrombotic disorders.

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